The simple answer is probably not . That ’s because the sun regard a special character of fire that is able to “ burn ” water , and so it will just get hotter and six times brighter . Here ’s why .
Sun ’s overall compactness is 1.4 times that of weewee . So if you have a pail of water system adequate to the volume of the Sun , that water will have 1/1.4 = 0.71 times the mass of the Dominicus , or 0.71 solar peck . After you pullulate that water ( which is essentially H and atomic number 8 ) onto the Lord’s Day , you end up with a 1.71 solar mass star with a composition of 48 per centum atomic number 1 , 37 percent oxygen , and 14 pct helium ( with 1 pct heavier elements ) .
Now , will such a star sunburn ? Yes , but not with the type of proton - proton fusion the Lord’s Day employ . A star 1.7 times the passel of thesun will heat up and burn almost entirely by thecarbon - N - oxygen ( CNO ) unification cycle . So with CNO merger and that mass you stop up with a type F0 star with about 1.3 times the radius and 6 time the light of the present Sun , and a temperature somewhat hotter than the Sun ( 7200 K vs. the Sun ’s 5800 kilobyte ) . It will be blue - clean , with more UV . That , along with that 6 times oestrus input , will fry the Earth ’s biosphere and probably cause the oceans to boil .
Incidentally , these F0 champion get their dynamism because the CNO fusion cycle defecate more light than the proton - proton fusion . The light of CNO merger is related to the star ’s temperature ( thyroxine ) to the seventeenth power ( T17 ) , rather than just T4 for proton - proton stars like the sun . So that little fleck of superfluous temperature from the water ’s extra pot here pushes the sunlight almost entirely into CNO district , translating into a pot of extra “ genius power . ”
Such a star will sit on themain sequenceuntil it cut most of its hydrogen , then expand to become a red goliath , and last shrink to being a white dwarf , just like our sun will . I can see no way for it to become a supernova — all these superstar put together this agency with no white nanus to set about , must be 8 clock time the Sun ’s stack , or more . This is only 1.7 times .
What Happens Immediately After You Pour the Water
I think I ’d go ahead and answer the natural next doubt of whether a “ bucket ” of water the size of the Sun would even “ coin bank ” the Sun a little , so its unaccented turnout live down for a meter . And the answer to that is also “ no . ” The tremendous gravitational energy of H2O falling on the Sun would ignite the water to at least the temperature of the Sun ’s core . By the time the urine ( atomic number 8 and H plasm ) touch the core of the Sun ( about half an hour after swarm it in ) , the water itself would be plasma at a temperature of 33 million K. At least .
Here ’s the math , very much simplified , as we only want the solvent to order of magnitude .
The escape valve get-up-and-go per kilogram from the Sun ’s “ surface ” ( photosphere ) is given by the measure GM / roentgen , where G is Newton ’s changeless ( 6.67e-11 ) , M is the solar lot ( 2e30 kilogram ) , and R is the solar radius ( 7e8 m ) . This works out to about 2e11 J / kg , or 200 billion James Prescott Joule per kilo . Of course , going the other direction , this is also the energy per kilogram of piddle ( think of a one - liter water bottleful ) it obtains if it fall from the out solar organisation to the Sun ’s surface . The original motion did n’t specify if we pour our water supply from direction out in space or at rest , from a point suspended above the Sun ’s surface . You fall back 2e11 J / kg if you pelt it from a standing start at the surface vs. letting it come down in from far out space .
This quantity is also on the same parliamentary law of order of magnitude as the gravitative possible vim for a kg precipitate into the Sun , starting at the Earth’s surface . This is harder to calculate , since the Sun has a complicated density structure and I ’m not go to calculate it exactly . However , to get an appraisal , we can calculate what vigor we ’d get if we had an physical object detached fall to the solar sum to 20 percent of its radius , which holds 1/3 of the Sun ’s mass . That ’s still GM / R , but now the M is 1/3 , and the roentgen is 1/5 , so you get 5/3 times the potential at the solar Earth’s surface , or 3e11 J / kg .
We did n’t reckon the free energy from speed through the outer 2/3rds of the Sun ’s mass , so this is an underestimation . And as we supply another 70 percent to the Sun ’s mass , the additional mass will increase the binding energy of the volume that goes later , so that ’s underestimating it , too . But the real reply is not likely to be an order of order of magnitude more than 3e11 J / kg , so let ’s see what this amount of energy does to a kilogram of urine :
First of all , the water is turned to steam and then plasma . The ionization zip of urine is almost entirely due to the oxygen , and the ionisation vim of oxygen to barren nuclei and negatron is 197 kJ / mole . and since a groin is 16 gm , that ’s 1.2e7 J / kg O . This is roughly the same as for water , which is mostly oxygen by weight , and where all the ionization energy is taken up by ionise the O ( atomic number 8 is fully ionized above about 10 million K ) . So we have more than 20,000 times the muscularity we involve for ionization . Ionizing the water costs us 1/20,000th of our push budget , and we can completely neglect it . The rest go into heating the blood plasma that is the product .
The heating system capability of plasm ( constant intensity ) is about 3/2 R per mole of atom . For water , we have 3 atoms ionized to 3 nuclei and 10 electrons , or 13 particle . There are 1000/18 = 55.6 breakwater of water in a kilo . So a kilogram of water has 55.6 x 13 = 722 moles of particles . Its heat mental ability as plasma is about 3/2 * R * 722 , and since R is 8.3 J / K / mole , we get 9,000 J / kg / K. Of course the process is not constant volume , and we ’ll get some heat as the kilogram is squeezed by a factor of 150 from the density of limpid weewee to the solar core , but let ’s ignore that for now and note that it have us lowball the temperature a little .
What ’s our final temperature ? We take our energy budget of 3e11 J / kg ( from somberness ) and part by our heat capacity of 9,000 J / kg / K and we get33.3 million K. That ’s more than enough to wholly ionize atomic number 8 , and hotter than the magnetic core is now ( 15.7 million K ) . So even with all the estimate in favor of a modest temperature , we get a higher temperature than the sun , and there ’s no way this water can do anything but heat up , from the very beginning as we allow for it to flow in from the solar “ control surface . ”
How long does this take , incidentally ? Since it take an physical object about 2.8 hours to orbit the sun at the airfoil , we can take a very rough guess that the time to fall through near void into the sunlight nitty-gritty , is on the order of the ambit time disunite by the square root of 32 — abouthalf an time of day . In as ready as half an hour , the falling gasoline / steam / oxygen plasma from the water reach realm dumb enough to slow and heat it .
Or naturally half an hour is for falling in a vacuum . The actual prison term will be hold up due to terminal speed reach from clash of falling gasoline hitting flatulency already there . In fact this friction is what render the high heat and temperature from the gravitative potential difference , as with shooting star and reentering space vehicle . So the literal time is very hard to immobilise down . We might guess hours or days . And the heat bring forth might take much longer — as it takes century of thou of years for heat to diffuse from the centre of our Sun already . These long heating diffusion times are all that save the Earth from being electrocute straight off .
If we stream water on the sun with a bucket as big as the sunlight , will the sun be extinguished?originally appeared onQuora . you may follow Quora onTwitter , Facebook , andGoogle+ .
This answer has been edited for grammar and pellucidity .
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